Aerial obstruction.

Dylan Hartley of Northampton Saints throws into a line-out. He throws deep and Calum Clark of Northampton and Donncha O’Callaghan of Munster go up for the ball. O’Callaghan is getting to the ball first and in facts knocks it back to his side, though untidily.

The referee blows his whistle and awards penalty to Munster, showing that Clark had played O’Callaghan in the air, as the replay shows clearly.

The referee did not wait for advantage. Should he have?

It would have been hard for Munster to get better advantage out of this situation than a penalty and there was also the risk that O’Callaghan may have been tempted to mete out his own form of penalty.